RESUMO
Abstract Introduction Cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMPs) are biphasic, short latency potentials, which represent the inhibition of the contraction of the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) mediated by the saccule, the inferior vestibular nerve, the vestibular nuclei and the medial vestibular spinal tract. Objective To evaluate the response of cVEMPs in individuals with profound prelingual bilateral cochlear hearing loss. Methods A prospective case-control study. A total of 64 volunteers, divided into a study group (31 patients with profound prelingual sensorineural hearing loss) and a control group (33 subjectsmatched for age and gender with psychoacoustic thresholds of ≤ 25 dB HL between 500 and 8,000 Hz) were submitted to the cVEMP exam. The causes of hearing loss were grouped by etiology and the involved period. Results The subjects of the study group aremore likely to present changes in cVEMPs compared to the control group (35.5% versus 6.1% respectively; p = 0.003), with an odds ratio (OR) of 8.52 (p = 0.009). Itmeans that they had 8.52-fold higher propensity of presenting altered cVEMP results. There were no statistically significant differences between the latencies, the interamplitude and the asymmetry index. Regarding the etiology, there was a statistically significant difference when the cause was infectious, with an OR of 15.50 (p = 0.005), and when the impairment occurred in the prenatal period, with an OR of 9.86 (p = 0.009). Conclusion The present study showed abnormalities in the sacculocolic pathway in a considerable portion of individuals with profound prelingual sensorineural hearing loss due to infectious and congenital causes, as revealed by the cVEMP results. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Potenciais Evocados Miogênicos Vestibulares , Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial/etiologia , Nervo Vestibulococlear/fisiopatologia , Doenças Transmissíveis/complicações , Estudos Prospectivos , Surdez/etiologia , Doenças Genéticas Inatas/complicaçõesRESUMO
25 cases of bacillary positive leprosy patients and 25 age and sex matched controls were investigated for assessment of cochleo-vestibular status. Impaired hearing was complained of by 4 patients. None had tinnitus, dizziness or vertigo. On testing 44% patients were found to have unilateral or bilateral perceptive deafness. Specialised tests of hearing indicated that the deafness was of cochlear type. The vestibular functions were not affected. Leprosy seems to selectively involve the cochlea.